Krasnaya Presnya

The area of Red Presnya is a part of Presnensky area and is located on severo - the West of the Central administrative district behind the Garden Ring. The basic streets of area - street Red Presnya, street of 1905, Krasnopresnensky quay, Mantulinsky street, Zvenigorodsky highway, Shmitovsky journey, the Big Georgian street, the Presnensky shaft.

On one of versions the name to area was given by small small river Presnya (length about 2,5 km). Under legends in this small river there was a pure transparent fresh water. Coast of Presnya began to be occupied earlier большей parts of other places, and as historians believe, in a XVII-th century here already there was rather considerable population.

 

There is also an opinion that a word Presnya - word modification "приездня". Without the permission of clergy and the Grand duke strangers and nonresident could not drive to Moscow. For visitors of visitors Priezdnaja a large village (Приездня) where them asked the purpose and the visit reason has been created. Then with great difficulty the visitor got on a meeting to the Moscow Grand duke and received either the permission, or refusal to stay in Moscow.

"Приездня" it was transformed in "Priestnju", and then and to "Presnya".

 

Subsequently, already at Peter I, the large village has been given by Priezdnaja on a residence to the Georgian regal persons running from wars and conflicts from caucasus. Their stay here "was saved" in the name of three streets of area: Big and Small Georgian and the Georgian shaft.

The central street in area - Red Presnya transformed for many centuries from a part of ancient Volotsky road, conducting to one of six стариннейших the Moscow settlements - to Kudrin. It remembers also autumn of 1608 when Presnya had seigniorial tsar Vasily Shuisky, defending Moscow from invasion of armies of Lzhedmitrija II, and a meeting of first tsar Romanov with the father (1619), coming back of the Polish captivity... The Street has been renamed from "Big Presnensky" into "Red Presnya" in memory of revolutionary events of the end of 1905 

The next district, behind a line of Chambers-collegiate (the Sociable shaft), Three mountains, has settled down on one of seven considerable hills of Moscow. To the waterpipe device here, on a small rivulet of Studenets, Muscovites came to a high water behind pure and tasty water.

 

On Presne and Three mountains at the initiative of the chief of the Kremlin expedition P.S.Valueva since 1840th years have started to arrange festivals. Ivanov day which was marked annually on June, 24th was the main holiday on Presne.

 

From the same Kremlin expedition, some years prior to arrival to Moscow Frenchmen, through the river Presnya, at a place of the future Zoo the Big Presnensky bridge which has connected Kudrinsky and Presnensky streets has been constructed.

 

 The zoo has been based by Grand duke N.N.Romanov (senior) and was in conducting the Imperial society of acclimatisation of plants and animals.

 

The zoo involved Muscovites on the walks combining fine rest with informative conversations about the nature. On the days off here there was a present populous centre of Moscow. 

In process of formation and strengthening of Moscow, to Presnya as on the convenient and beautiful place of residing well connected with other part of a city, the diversified was pulled люд - commoners, the nobility, clergy, foreigners etc. Shortly it became important and a capital integral part. Possession of noble families of those times - Kudrinyh, Romanovs, Naryshkinyh and others, temples, monasteries Here have grown.

 

Presnya always played an active role in a life of all city. It had powerful industrial enterprises, scientific institutions, numerous the centre of spiritual traditions, it has been always favourite by Muscovites.

 

From the end XVIII and prior to the beginning of the XX-th century on Presne many bases of the modern Moscow industry have been put. It and paint and varnish factory Morozova, Smith's boiler factory, Danilovsky сахаро - рафинадный factory. The history known пресненского Industrial complex "Three-mountain Manufactory" is characteristic. It has begun with the small cotton-printing factory based by merchants-Old Believers of Prohorovami in the end of a XVIII-th century. Leaving on exclusively difficult on competition conditions the Russian market of textile production, Prohorovy could keep over hundred years on him leadership. "Three-hill" holds till now the high trade mark, including in the world market.

 

 

One of the important distinctive characteristics of modern area of Red Presnya is presence in its territory of a great number of the industrial enterprises, scientific institutions, and the administrative and managerial organisations, culture establishments and istoriko-architectural monuments.

Structure of building of area сме¬шанная: inhabited quarters alternate with industrial zones and municipal territories. The structure of inhabited quarters also is non-uniform: elite houses and business class complexes adjoin to shabby habitation and houses экономкласса. Many brick houses of the Central Committee and Sovmina.

The club house Agalarov House located on crossing of streets Big Georgian and Klimashkina, is the standard of quality of habitation of the highest category. Here only 34 apartments (a total area 11 600 кв) and the unique infrastructure including 18м pool, Russian both Turkish bath and 4 levels of an underground parking.

Especially it is necessary to note also microdistrict of elite houses along street Zoological with spacious green court yard in the European style, own infrastructure, underground parkings.

If to speak about an area infrastructure as a whole here again all is remarkable.

Some supermarkets, the well-known Tishinsky market, new building of "the Children's World», some fitness centres, including one of the best halls World Class on Klimashkina, night clubs, restaurants and cafe, orthodox temples and a Catholic church, theatres, museums, economic school on Zamorenova, a movie centre, a planetarium and, of course, the Moscow Zoo.